Cybercrime digital crime how technology is utilized for crime

 

Writer:

Arif Budiman 

Year:

2025

Journal/Publication: 

Journal 

PDF:

Abstract: The rapid development of digital technology has brought positive impacts in variousaspects of life, such as communication, economy and education. However, on the other hand, this progress also opens up opportunities for various forms of digital crime or cybercrime. Digital crimes include various criminal acts committed through the internet and technology, such as hacking, identity theft, online fraud, malware distribution, and exploitation of personal data. This study aims to understand how technology is utilized to commit crimes in cyberspace, the factors that drive digital criminals, and the implications faced by victims and the wider community. In addition, this study will also discuss strategies and efforts that can be made to prevent and tackle digital crime. With the increasing reliance on technology, it is important for society and legal authorities to be more vigilant and proactive in addressing this challenge. An in-depth understanding of the modus operandi of digital criminals is expected to provide a clearer picture for the development of effective cybersecurity policies.

Keywords: CyberCrime; Education Technology; Social Media.

 

Legal analysis of the fairness of bpjs health services based on law number 17 of 2023 concerning health

 

Writer:

Arif Budiman 

Year:

2025

Journal/Publication: 

Journal 

PDF:

 

 

Abstract: Fair access to health services is a fundamental right guaranteed by Indonesian law. BPJS Health, as the national health insurance administrator, is mandated under Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health to ensure equitable, non-discriminatory, and efficient services for all citizens.However, disparities in service quality, administrative delays, and unequal distribution of healthfacilities continue to raise legal concerns regarding the fulfillment of justice principles. This study employs a normative juridical approach supported by statutory, conceptual, and case-based analysis. Legal materials were collected through document review of Law No. 17/2023, related regulations, and scholarly literature. The analysis compares normative provisions with field-based findings from secondary data to evaluate whether BPJS services align with the principles of fairness,accountability, and legal certainty. Results: The study finds that although Law No. 17/2023strengthens the legal foundation for equitable health services, gaps remain in implementation. Issues such as service discrimination, referral system barriers, and limited infrastructure hinder therealization of legal fairness. BPJS Health has implemented reforms to improve transparency andaccessibility, yet inconsistencies between policy and practice persist. BPJS health services have astrong legal framework for fairness under Law No. 17/2023, but practical challenges weaken itseffectiveness. Strengthening regulatory enforcement, improving governance, and enhancing healthfacility capacity are essential to achieving genuinely fair health services nationwide.

Keywords: BPJS Health; Law Number 17 of 2023; Legal Analysis

 

IMPROVING STUDENTS' HEALTH LAW COMPETENCIES THROUGH TRAINING ON PREPARING INFORMED CONSENT DOCUMENTS AND LEGAL RISK ANALYSIS IN HEALTH SERVICES

Writer:

Arif Budiman 

Year:

2025

Journal/Publication: 

Independent Articles

PDF:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/17ed63chvMonvPCA8lh3FDw5-3yV95bw6/view?usp=sharing 

Abstract

Health law studentAs prospective legal practitioners, it is necessary to understand the application of health law in health care practice. This community service program aims to improve students' competence in document preparation.informed consentAndlegal risk analysisin health services. The activity methods included legal counseling, case studies, document preparation workshops, and pre- and post-test evaluations. Results showed an increase in participant understanding, from an average score of 50% to 92%. Students were able to produce standard informed consent documents and simple analyses of potentialmedical disputeThis activity demonstrates the effectiveness of health law training in preparing students as future professional practitioners.

Keywords : Health Law , Informed Consent , Legal Risk , Law Students , Community Service​​​​​

INTRODUCTION

Health law plays a crucial role in protecting patient rights and providing legal certainty for healthcare professionals. Students, as prospective legal practitioners, need to understand the application of health law in real-world situations.

Main issues found:

1.  Students are not yet able to practically compile legal documents for health services.

2.  Understanding of informed consent is still at the theoretical level.

3.  There is no training that combines academic aspects and clinical implementation.

Relevant regulations:

a) Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health

b) Medical Practice Act

c)  Minister of Health Regulation regarding service standards & approval of medical procedures

Therefore, it is necessary to empower students so that they are ready to face the legal aspects of health services.

IMPLEMENTATION METHOD

LEVEL	ACTIVITY	OUTPUT
Coordination	Determination of participants & activity schedule	3 0 health law students
Counseling	Health law materials & medical dispute case studies	Basic knowledge increases
Workshop	Preparation of a valid informed consent document	Draft document
Simulation	Role-play consent for medical procedures	Application of the concept
Evaluation	Pre-test & post-test + portfolio of results	Competency improvement analysis

Activity duration: 2 days

Data analysis: descriptive quantitative & qualitative

DISCUSSION & RESULTS

This activity balances health law theory with practical legal skills for health care.

Specific impacts:

1.  Students understand the role of law in patient safety.

2.  The existence of a real legal product: a standard informed consent document.

3.  Legal risk analysis skills increase so that you are ready for the world of work.

Limitations: there has been no direct implementation in partner health facilities.

Future follow- up :

1.  Need partnership with clinics/health centers for field practice

2.  Addition of malpractice risk management module

3.  Health law knowledge increased by 42%

4.  95% of participants completed the informed consent document which met  the following elements:

a)  patient identity

b)  diagnosis & action plan

c)  benefits & risks

d)  alternative actions

e)  statement of consent

5.  Students can identify legal risks in 3 examples of administrative malpractice cases. 

6.  Students responded very well and wanted the program to continue.

CONCLUSION

Health law training effectively improves students' competency in drafting legal documents for healthcare services and analyzing legal risks. This activity can become a sustainable program in the professional preparation of prospective health law practitioners.

Thank-you note

Thank you to the Faculty of Law, Legal Studies Program , Bina Bangsa University for supporting this activity. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Achadiat, B. (2022).Health Lawand Patient Protection in Indonesia.Jakarta: Rajawali Press.

Effendi, F. & Setiadi, A. (2023). Health Ethics and Law. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.

Muttaqin, A. (2021). Health Administration Law. Bandung:Refika Aditama.

Sitorus, R. (2024). Legal Responsibilities of Medical Personnel. Jakarta:Seto Corn.

Andriani, N., & Putra, A. (2023). Legal protection for patients in aesthetic medical services . Indonesian Journal of Health Law, 5(2), 101–112.

Darmawan, R. (2022). Implementation of informed consent in outpatient clinics. Health Law Review, 4(1), 45–56.

Kurniawati, L., & Siregar, M. (2024). Risk management in medical malpractice prevention. Journal of Medical Law & Policy, 3(3), 77–89.

Wulandari, S., et al. (2023). Health law education for students through workshops. Journal of Community Health Service, 2(1), 30–38.

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health.

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice.

Minister of Health Regulation Number 290/MENKES/PER/III/2008 concerning Approval of Medical Actions.

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. (2021). Government Regulation Number 47 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of the Hospital Sector.

World Health Organization. (2023). Patient safety and rights in clinical practice. Geneva: WHO Press.

ASPEK LEGALITAS PRAKTIK MEDIS ESTETIKA PADA KLINIK KECANTIKAN

 Penulis:

Arif Budiman

Tahun:

2025

Jurnal/Publikasi: 

Artikel Mandiri

PDF: Lagi proses

Abstract

The demand for medical aesthetic services in beauty clinics has rapidly increased in Indonesia, driven by the growing public interest in body and facial care. However, this development is not fully in line with legal compliance in the health sector, particularly concerning facility licensing and medical personnel qualifications. This normative legal research aims to examine the legal aspects of medical aesthetic practices in beauty clinics based on the latest regulations, notably Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health, the Medical Practice Law, and operational regulations for health facilities. Using a statute and conceptual approach, this research finds that medical aesthetic procedures are strictly limited to authorized medical professionals, especially certified physicians, and must be performed in licensed health facilities. Nevertheless, numerous violations remain, including illegal beauty clinics and non-medical personnel performing medical interventions, which pose significant patient safety risks and legal consequences. Strengthened supervision, improved legal literacy for both healthcare providers and the public, and strict enforcement of sanctions are essential to ensure safety and legal certainty in aesthetic medical practice in Indonesia.

Keywords :Beaty Clinic Legality, Aesthetic Practice, Health law, Law Number 17 of 2023 

Abstrak

Praktik layanan estetika medis di klinik kecantikan berkembang pesat di Indonesia seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap perawatan tubuh dan wajah. Namun, pertumbuhan ini tidak sepenuhnya diikuti oleh kepatuhan terhadap ketentuan hukum kesehatan, terutama dalam aspek perizinan dan kompetensi tenaga medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aspek legalitas penyelenggaraan praktik klinik kecantikan berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan terbaru, khususnya Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, Undang-Undang Praktik Kedokteran, serta regulasi operasional klinik kesehatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik layanan estetika medis hanya dapat dilakukan oleh tenaga medis berwenang, terutama dokter dengan kompetensi dan sertifikasi terkait, serta wajib dijalankan pada fasilitas kesehatan yang memiliki izin resmi sesuai ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan. Masih banyak ditemui pelanggaran, termasuk klinik kecantikan ilegal dan tenaga non-medis yang melakukan tindakan medis, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan risiko keselamatan pasien dan sanksi hukum.Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan pengawasan, peningkatan edukasi hukum bagi tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat, serta penerapan sanksi tegas untuk menjamin keamanan dan kepastian hukum dalam praktik klinik kecantikan di Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : Legalitas Klinik Kecantikan, Praktik Estetika, Hukum Kesehatan, UU Nomor 17 Tahun 2023.

 

KEADILAN PELAYANAN BPJS KESEHATAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF UU NO. 17 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KESEHATAN: SUATU KAJIAN HUKUM NORMATIF

Penulis:

Arif Budiman

Tahun:

2025

Jurnal/Publikasi: 

Artikel Mandiri

PDF: Sabar ya, lagi proses 

 

Abstract

Health service equity is a fundamental right guaranteed under the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The National Health Insurance program managed by hsocial security agency for health aims to provide equal and non-discriminatory access to healthcare for all citizens. However, several issues persist, including long waiting times, service quality disparities across regions, and discriminatory practices between social security agency for health participants and general patients. With the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health, the government introduced regulatory reforms to strengthen health service governance through service standardization and quality control mechanisms. This normative legal research analyzes the implementation of justice in social security agency for health healthcare services based on the new Health Law using statutory and public service justice approaches. The findings indicate that although the 2023 Health Law provides a more comprehensive legal foundation, the realization of equitable services still faces challenges in terms of health facility availability, medical personnel distribution, and standard quality harmonization across Indonesia. Enhanced oversight, adequate funding, and enforcement of sanctions against discriminatory practices are required to ensure justice for health insurance participants.

Keywords: Social Security Agency For Health, Health Service Justice, Law Number 17/2023, National Health Insurance, Health Law.

 

Abstrak

Keadilan dalam pelayanan kesehatan merupakan hak fundamental setiap warga negara sebagaimana dijamin oleh Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) melalui BPJS Kesehatan dirancang untuk menjamin akses pelayanan kesehatan yang merata dan tanpa diskriminasi. Namun dalam praktiknya, masih ditemukan berbagai hambatan seperti antrean panjang, perbedaan kualitas pelayanan antara fasilitas kesehatan, serta perlakuan diskriminatif terhadap peserta JKN dibandingkan pasien umum. Dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, pemerintah melakukan reformasi regulasi untuk memperkuat tata kelola jaminan kesehatan, salah satunya melalui penerapan standar pelayanan dan pengawasan mutu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemenuhan prinsip keadilan dalam pelayanan BPJS Kesehatan berdasarkan UU Kesehatan 2023 dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konsep keadilan dalam pelayanan publik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun UU 17/2023 telah mengatur jaminan pelayanan secara lebih komprehensif, implementasi keadilan pelayanan masih menghadapi tantangan pada sisi ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan, kapasitas tenaga kesehatan, serta konsistensi standar mutu di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Diperlukan penguatan pengawasan, peningkatan pendanaan, serta penegakan sanksi bagi fasilitas kesehatan yang tidak memberikan pelayanan secara adil terhadap peserta JKN.

Kata Kunci: BPJS Kesehatan, Keadilan Pelayanan, UU Nomor 17 Tahun 2023, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, Hukum Kesehatan.